Theory of Change
VJNNS envisions resilient tribal communities where women lead the movement for water security, health, and well-being. In the remote hills of the Eastern Ghats, tribal habitations face chronic water stress due to failed groundwater systems, high iron contamination, poor infrastructure, and extreme terrain. The burden of water collection falls largely on women and girls, limiting their opportunities for education, income, and dignity.
Our theory of change is grounded in the belief that water systems built, governed, and maintained by communities — especially women — are more sustainable, inclusive, and impactful. VJNNS facilitates this transformation through a replicable model centered around:
Community mobilization and VWSC strengthening, with 50% women leadership
Development and execution of Village Action Plans (VAPs) in alignment with Jal Jeevan Mission
Construction of Gravity-Fed Water Supply Systems (GFWSS) for year-round water access
Nature-based recharge solutions like spring-shed treatments, plantations, and soak pits
Training in water governance, greywater reuse, and long-term system upkeep
Digital monitoring using KOBO tools, GPS mapping, and dashboards
SHG and livelihood linkages that utilize time saved from water collection
This integrated model addresses five key challenges: water access, water quality, source sustainability, water governance, and wastewater management. It is designed to scale across tribal belts through peer NGO trainings, digital IEC tools, and collaboration with local and government institutions.
By empowering communities—especially women—as stewards of water, VJNNS seeks to create lasting change: healthier families, stronger local institutions, and resilient ecosystems.
Goal:
To improve the health, dignity, and economic well-being of rural and tribal communities by enabling sustainable, community-led access to safe drinking water through localized water governance, nature-based solutions, and strong women leadership.
Inputs:
Community mobilizers and trained technical support staff
Institutional frameworks like VWSCs and Gram Panchayats
Spring-shed recharge tools and reforestation materials
Construction materials and technical know-how for GFWSS
Digital tools (KOBO, GPS, dashboards) for planning and monitoring
IEC materials for capacity-building and replication
Partnerships with government schemes (JJM, MGNREGA, Forest Dept.) and donors
Activities:
Identification of water-stressed habitations
Mobilization and reformation of Village Water and Sanitation Committees (VWSCs), with 50% women representation
Preparation and uploading of Village Action Plans (VAPs) aligned with government protocols
Community-led construction of Gravity-Fed Water Supply Systems (GFWSS), including pump-based systems where needed
Implementation of spring-shed and source recharge activities (trenching, plantation, soak pits)
Training on water governance, water quality testing, greywater reuse, and system maintenance
Collection of household-level data through KOBO tools and use of dashboards for project monitoring
Facilitating SHG formation and linking saved time to livelihood enhancement
Outputs:
Operational and community-owned water supply systems
Villages with trained and functional VWSCs practicing participatory water governance
Water quality monitoring and basic O&M systems in place
Recharge zones protected and sustained through nature-based interventions
Household and village-level soak pits supporting greywater management
Transparent, real-time project tracking via digital tools
Knowledge-sharing through peer NGO trainings and IEC dissemination
Outcomes:
Reduced drudgery and time poverty for women in tribal regions
Increased participation of women in decision-making and SHG activities
Sustained year-round access to clean drinking water
Enhanced community ownership of local water systems
Improved environmental resilience and spring water retention
Strengthened convergence with government programs and local institutions
Impact:
Lasting improvements in health, gender equity, and livelihoods in rural and tribal areas
Empowered communities capable of sustaining their own water ecosystems
A scalable, replicable model for inclusive and resilient rural water governance
Document with theory of change in detail: LINK
